Light Polarization Mechanism for Chiral Methanol: Electron Spin
Paul TE Cusack*
BSCE, DULE, 23 Park Ave, Saint john, NB E2J 1R2, Canada
Submission: August 9, 2023; Published: October 09, 2023
*Corresponding author: Paul TE Cusack, BSCE, DULE, 23 Park Ave. Saint john, NB E2J 1R2, Canada
How to cite this article: Paul TE C. Light Polarization Mechanism for Chiral Methanol: Electron Spin. Organic & Medicinal Chem IJ. 2023; 13(3): 555862. DOI: 10.19080/OMCIJ.2023.13.555862
Abstract
This is a challenge of determining the physical basis for light polarization by chiral molecules. In this paper we consider the molecule of methanol. We see that it is the electron spin that determines the polarization of light for an organic molecule. Electrons obey a wave equation; therein my lie the answer as to why an electron has a positive or negative spin. Civil Engineers don’t study Quantum Mechanics. So, I leave this problem for those who do study QM. Funny, I wanted to take Modern Physics when I was in year two if my bachelor’s degree.
Keywords: Polarization; Light; Chiral Molecules; Methanol; Electron Spin; Quantum Mechanics
This is a fascinating problem taken from an organic chemistry textbook:
Problem Statement: There is no correlation between R and S configurations with (+) and (-) optical rotations. Some R molecules rotate polarized light clockwise (+) and some rotate polarized light contraclockwise (-). If you can come up with a way to predict the direction of rotation of a structure, you can become famous! [1].
Introduction
In this paper, we will show why a chiral organic molecule rotates polarized light sometimes clockwise and other times contraclockwise. The answer is that it depends on the spin of the electrons. An electron has a vector pointing up or down depending upon whether it is spinning one way or the opposite. This, of course, is treated mathematically with the vector cross product. We see the formula often in AT Math for space as:
s=E x t=|E||t| sin theta is the angle between the two vectors. Spin creates a vector either pointing up or down since it is dependent on the sine curve.
Sun light has vectors pointing in all directions around an axis or progression. , the Z acis. Electrons have angular momentum. So how do we solve our problem? The answer is that it is a random event whether a free electron, on say Methanol (Methyl Alcohol CH3OH). This evokes the Fair coin solution viz the GMP. The GMP models the flip of a fair coin as discussed in previous papers on gambling by this author. . If you flip it enough times, it with by Heads 50% of the time and Tails 50% of the time. The average of a random number between 0 and 9 is 5 or 50% also. We know that if we plug 0.50 into the GMP, we get -1.25 which is the minimum for the GMP (t=1/2).
t^2-t-1=E
(½ )^2-(1/2)-1=-1.25
Electron Spin or Spin Quantum Number is the fourth quantum number for electrons in atoms and molecules. Denoted as ms, the electron spin is constituted by either upward (ms=+1/2=+1/2) or downward (ms=−1/2=−1/2) arrows [2,3] (Figure 1).
The experiment mentioned above by Otto Stern and Walter Gerlach was done with silver which was put in an oven and vaporized. The result was that silver atoms formed a beam that passed through a magnetic field in which it split in two. An explanation of this is that an electron has a magnetic field due to its spin. When electrons that have opposite spins are put together, there is no net magnetic field because the positive and negative spins cancel each other out. The silver atom used in the experiment has a total of 47 electrons, 23 of one spin type, and 24 of the opposite. Because electrons of the same spin cancel each other out, the one unpaired electron in the atom will determine the spin. There is a high likelihood for either spin due to the large number of electrons, so when it went through the magnetic field it split into two beams [4].
Now we will provide the calculations to show that the electron spin on Methanol, a chiral molecule, and the GMP can be derived from a capacitor. We also calculate the mass of an electron that passes through the dielectric plates. Note figure 1. This shows how we go from Methanol to Carboxylic Acid such as L-tryptophan, the precursor to testosterone and serotonin (Figure 2).
Methanol Characteristics
Diameter =3.77 A
pKa=15.5
=Ln t
t=2.7408
GMP=3.77=E
α=1.31
ρ=0.78
εs=1+2ye/1-ye
=1+2(1)/1-1=3/0=3
εs-1/ε2+2
=4π/3 ρα
=4/3()(0l.78)(1.31)
=4.280
εs=-2.915
T(k)=-8/3π(1/19905)
εs=2.915
P=1.602/19905=8.04
ELoc=E0-8 /3P
=E0-8π/3(8.04)
=E0-6.742
e-6.742=1.1797≈118=Mass of the Periodic Table
118 (938+5.1099)=1.11262=1/898777=1/2.9979²=1/c²=M
ELocL³=(εs+2)3εs
=(78.5+2)(3(78.5)
=341.8
ELocL=(εs+2)/ 3εsE0
=(2.915+2)/3(2.915) (341.8)
=192.1037
M=NαElocL
=N(1.31)(341.8)=F x d=F x t=8/3 x π
N=0.01871
N/s=0.01871/3.77=4.96≈5=E y=y′ t=3
M/c=1.7077/2.9979=56.96≈57
4.96 x 57=2828
2828/4=0.7072=1/√2=v=a
CH3OH=12.11+1.078+15.999+1.078=301.66
t=3=eM
M=1.098611
1.096/6.023=181969
1819/3.0166=16.571/6=60°
M=NαELocL
=N(1.47)(341.81)
=0.502N
M=0.5N
8/3()=1/2N
N=1.6688≈1/6=60°/360°
Reflective Index
nD²=εs
=2.91469
nD=1707
Mass of OH-=1.078 +15.999=17.07
n α 1/v
1.707=1/v
v=5.858
n1/n2=5858/2=2929=1/341.4=1/E=t
Pauking of the Spheres
ns=4π/3 as³ρ
=s t a³ρ
=(4/3)(π)(1.31)³(0.78)
=7.345
=1/0.26549
=1/F
=E-1/E
n=(E²-1)/E
nE=E²-1
E²-nE-1=0 GMP = the Fair Coin Equation
E²-nE-1=0
derivative E=5 t=32
E-n=5
n=2E-5
E²-(2E-5)E-1=2E-5
E²-2E²+5E-1-2E+5=0
-E²+3E+4=0
E²-3E-4=0
E=4; -1
E=M=4
Alcohol amu=1.7077 =η
1.7077 x 360°=614.52
614.52°-360°-180°=74.52°=1.305 rads≈1.31
Polarized Light
Circular:
x²+y²=R²
2x²=1
x=1/√2=Amplitude
v=s/t=s/R=1/√2
√2s=R
√2s=1.7077
s=12.075
≈4 x 3=Mc=Mv=P̅
1.7077 x 3=511.9555=Me-
v=s/t
Me-/M OH=511/1.7077=2.9979=c
Capacitor
E= /d
T Period =24.9=Δφ/3.77
=938.73=M p+
ω=2 f=dθ/dt
=2 (1/5)=125.66=Emin ⇒t=1/2=spin
=4/ =1/t=E=ρ
P̅=Mv=(938.73+5.121)(2.9979)=2829
2829/4=707.4=1/√2=v
v=c=Me-/MOH
AL/M=1/ρ
AL/(938.73+5.11)=1/125.66
AL=751 ≈ρOH
ρOH=M/Vol
Vol=751/(1.7077)
=0.43983
≈0.44
Now
freq=ω/(2 )
=s/M
=dθ/dt/2
2 ·s/M=dθ/dt=120°
120-180=-60° (Counterclockwise =Sinister)
Dispersion Formula
n=1.294611+12706.403/ ²
²=5876²
1/n=2.717=e1=E
Jone’s vector
JRHP=1/√2⌈1⌉
⌊i ⌋
i=√-1=-0.618
=1/√2(1)+1/√2(-0.618)=1/√2 -0.4370=2.7
JRHP=1/√2⌈1 ⌉
⌊-i ⌋
=1/√2-(1)-1/√2(-0.618)=1/√2-1√2(0.618)=-4.1
I am outgoing=I ingoing ·cos²θ
Period T= cos²θ=250=cos²θ
θ=60°
E²=cos²θ
E=cos θ=P̅=Mv
=(1.7077)(2.9979)
=51119
=Me-
E=Me-=Ln t
t=eM=e5.11=1.6726=1/6=60°/360°
k= /4=2 /4= /2=90°
E̅x=Eox̂ejωt-kz
=√2e√-1(125.66)(e511)-12.04t
=0.865≈0.866=sin 60°
E̅y=Eoŷejωt-kz- /4
=2.185 2200
cos θ=1350=TE=Mc²=1.5M(9)=1350M
1.350(1.7077=1/0.4337 1/43.4
The Ether =Teflon
ρteflon=2200 kg/m³
2200/(4/π)=57.11°≈1 rad
ρOH=751
57.11-751=180°
RHP
E=E0ejωt
=√2e√-1)(1-.25)(e5.1099)
=373.4
=1/2.67
=1/SF
=E
LHP
E=E0e-jωt
=√2e-√-1)(-1.25)(e5.1099)
=373.4
=1/2.67
=1/SF
=E
Spin =(+1/2)+(-1/2)=0=E=M
S=t
S=4/3
Tt2-t-1=E
(4/3)^2-(4/3)-1=0.555=1/180=1/Pi =freq of the human mind. T=Pi
Conclusion
We see that the polarization of light by a chiral molecule is dependent upon the random direction spin of an electron. It is statistically equal to 0.5. The universe is not chiral. There are two signals, sin and cos. Where they meet ids where the one universe exists.
References
- Hathaway BA (2011) E-Z Organic Chemistry. Barron’s.
- El-Kashef, Refractive index of CH3OH (Methanol).
- Electron Spin - Chemistry LibreTexts
- Matyushov D (2021) Manual for Theoretical Chemistry . World Scientific pp: 372.