Zubin Pradeep Sharma; Ravindra Sharma; Divya Sharma

doi:10.19080/ARGH.2020.15.555911

Short Communication

Unusual Submucosal Haemotoma in Esophagus on Upper G.I. Endoscopy

Zubin Pradeep Sharma*, Ravindra Sharma and Divya Sharma

Aditya Hospital and Gastroenterology Centre, Rajasthan, India

Submission:May 08, 2020; Published:June 12, 2020

*Corresponding author:Zubin Pradeep Sharma, Aditya Hospital and Gastroenterology Centre, Rajasthan, India

How to cite this article:Zubin P S, Ravindra S, Divya S. Unusual Submucosal Haemotoma in Esophagus on Upper G.I. Endoscopy. Adv Res Gastroentero Hepatol, 2020;15(3): 555911. DOI: 10.19080/ARGH.2020.15.555911.

Keywords:Esophageal submucosal haemotoma; Upper gastrointestinal tract; Hematemesis; Esophageal hematoma

Short Communication

Esophageal submucosal haemotoma is one of the rare disorders of upper gastro intestinal tract and it is considered to be a form of injury to esophagus. There are two types of esophageal injuries: mechanical and chemical injuries. Mechanical injury is subdivided into traumatic and spontaneous ones. Here we present a case of submucosal haemotoma associated with opium intake.

A 39-year-old male came to our hospital with history of hematemesis (2 epsiodes) after taking opium in large quantity for the past 2 days. He was not a opium addict with no other addict documented. No co-morbidity or underlying diseases were found in this patient. Laboratory investigations showed elevated C-reactive protein level (12.45 mg/dl), ESR 76 mm. Rest of the blood investigations - liver, kidney function, coagulation profile was normal. Upper G.I. Endoscopy showed an extensive longitudinal submucosal esophageal hematoma, extending from 23 cm from the incisors till 42 cm involving gastroesophageal junction (G.E.). The esophageal lumen showed hyperemia with moderate congestion. No active bleeding noticed on touching, and no foreign body was noticed. Patient was kept nil by mouth and was given conservative treatment and after 5 days repeat endoscopy was done which showed that the hematoma had completely resolved and a shallow ulcer was noticed at the original lesion (Figure 1).

Advanced Research in Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Esophageal hematoma is a very rare phenomenon in clinical day to day endoscopic practice. Previous reports regarding the causes of esophageal hematoma have referred mainly to complications of endoscopy [1]; other reported cases were caused by hard food boluses impaction, coagulopathy, trauma, drugs or idiopathic [2,3]. Symptoms of esophageal hematoma are hematemesis, epigastric pain, heartburn, and odynophagia. Differential diagnosis includes aorto-esophageal fistula, esophageal neoplasm, esophageal perforation and aortic dissection. The treatment of esophageal hematomas depends on the clinical situation. In many studies, the patients respond well to conservative treatment. However, surgical intervention is required when severe bleeding occurs. We present these findings to raise awareness of the imaging features of this phenomenon.