Breast Cancer Screening: Why Not Do it Even During Pregnancy?
Kulvinder Kochar Kaur1*, Gautam Allahbadia2 and Mandeep Singh3
Submission: December 18, 2019;Published: December20, 2019
*Corresponding author:Giorgio M Baratelli, Accademia di Senologia di Gravedona, Italy
How to cite this article: Martina Marveggio, Lucia Ronconi Giorgio M Baratelli. Breast Cancer Screening: Why Not Do it Even During Pregnancy?. J 002 Gynecol Women’s Health. 2019: 17(4): 555971. DOI: 10.19080/JGWH.2019.17.555971
Introduction
Tabes Dorsalis has become a rare clinical presentation in cases of neuro syphilis since the advent of antibiotics. The recent surge in syphilis cases [1], however, has once again raised interest in the diagnosis and treatment of this rare clinical entity. In this case report, a case of tabes dorsalis in an 82 year African American female is presented. She, also, had right peroneal nerve mono neuropathy that challenged the clinical diagnosis of tabes dorsalis and complicated its management.
Keywords: Emergency room; Patient’s laboratory; Arterial duplex; Neurology; Magnetic Resonance; Cerebro Spinal; Serology returned; Physical therapy; Tabes dorsalis
Abbrevations: ER: Emergency Room; CT: Computerized Tomography; MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging; CSF: Cerebro Spinal Fluid; RPR: Rapid Plasma Reagin; EMG: Electromyography; PT: Physical Therapy
Materials and Methods
The main senological and obstetric-gynecological guidelines, currently used in Italy, in Europe and in USA, were examined
Result
In none of the guidelines examined is the need for tests for the early diagnosis of breast cancer in pregnant women indicated. Only in the AIOM guidelines is the problem of the diagnostic delay of breast cancer in pregnancy.
Discussion
Breast cancer in pregnant women has important medical and social implications. It is often diagnosed with a delay of 3-6 months, resulting in a worse impact on prognosis. The execution of screening and early diagnosis tests, such as breast examination, breast ultrasound, and any mammogram and biopsy, should they prove necessary, are not considered dangerous and are neither contraindicated for the pregnant woman nor for the fetus.
Conclusion
In consideration of the frequency of breast cancer during pregnancy and its serious consequences, we believe it is appropriate to include in the guidelines the indication for routine breast monitoring consisting of a breast examination and breast ultrasound, to be carried out in the first trimester, when the breast is still relatively investigable.
References
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- journal-surgery.net
- Durrani S, Akbar S, Heena H (2018) Breast Cancer During Pregnancy. Cureus 10(7): e2941.
- (2016) Collegio Italiano dei Senologi - Linee Guida 2016- Carcinoma Mammario in Gravidanza.
- WHO reccomendation on antenatal care.
- Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (2011) Guideline no. 12: Pregnancy and breast cancer.
- (2011) Ministero della Salute e Istituto Superiore di Sanità-Linee guida 2011 Gravidanza fisiologica.
- (2019) Collegio Italiano dei Senologi-linee guida Carcinoma mammario in gravidanza (ultimo aggiornamento 31 gennaio 2019).
- (2005) Linee guida FONCaM (ultima edizione pubblicata nel 2005).
- (2018) AIOM 2018- Linee Guida Neoplasie Della Mammella edizione.
- Oeffinger KC, Fontham ETH, Etzioni R, Herzig A, Michaelson JS, et al. (2015) Breast Cancer Screening for Women at Average Risk: 2015 Guideline Update from the American Cancer Society. JAMA 314(15): 1599-1614.