Mini Review

A Systematic Survey of Sleep-Related in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Ghasem Sadeghi Bajestani*, Zahra Karimnezhad and Elyas Irankhah

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Imam Reza International University, Iran

Submission: November 18, 2018, 2018; Published: January 18, 2019

*Corresponding author: Ghasem Sadeghi Bajestani, Center for Computational Neuroscience Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Imam Reza International University, Razavi Khorasan, Asrar St., Daneshgah St., Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran

How to cite this article: Ghasem S B, Zahra K, Elyas I. A Systematic Survey of Sleep-Related in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Curr Trends Biomedical Eng & Biosci. 2019; 17(5): 555974. DOI: 10.19080/CTBEB.2019.17.555974.

Keywords: Brain sections; Signals processing; Delta Band

Abbrevations: ASD: Autism Spectrum Disorder; PSG: Polysomnographic Machine; ADOS: Autism Diagnosis Programming; CBCL: Depression Scale Epidemiologic Studies; CSHQ: Child Scale Health Cure; GARS: Grading Autism Range Scale; GARS: Gordon Diagnostic System; PBS: Child Behavior Scale; PSG: Polysomnography; PSQ: Parental Sleep Questionnaire; RBS-R: Repeated Behavioral Scale – Modified; WISC: Intelligence Scale for Children; WPPSI: Wexler Primary School Elemental Scale

Mini Review

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a software problem in interactions between different brain sections, which causes problems in social interactions. One of the main problems in this disorder is the issue of diagnosis. So, for the diagnosis disorder the golden age is before 18 months. But the age of which clinical signs of autism are recognizable is between 2 and 3 years [1]. On the one hand, one of the most unpleasant complaints among parents of children with autism is sleeping problems of more than 40-80% in these children while this problem is growing by 25-40% in normal children [2]. So if we can diagnosis of child with autism by brain signals processing, we’ve taken a big step toward achieving a diagnosis of golden age.

We know that recording brain signals from children in awakening state is difficult, because we cannot attention of child to the subject matter and execute the signaling protocol perfectly, so we go to the children’s record of brain at during a normal sleep (sleep without medication and external symptoms), because in sleep mode, we take them from consciousness state to subconscious state. By doing this, we create the same conditions for comparing child with autistic and normal child [3].

Studies during sleep, in addition to leading to the detection of autism, can also help in during of treatment of these children. For example, it can be seen that during the activity of the Delta Band of brain signals, especially at sleep stage 2, suddenly decreases from the forehead to the posterior part. This topic indicates the unusual Thalamocortical function, which also shows an abnormal relationship between the forehead area and the procedural sensory-motor memory encoding [4]. Typically, these signals are recorded by a polysomnographic machine (PSG). Several studies have been conducted in this regard that examined the relationship between sleep and challenging symptoms of ASD (Table 1) [2].

ADOS: Autism Diagnosis Programming

CBCL: Depression Scale Epidemiologic Studies

CSHQ: Child Scale Health cure

GARS: Grading Autism Range Scale

GARS: Gordon Diagnostic System

PBS: Child Behavior Scale

PSG: Polysomnography

PSQ: Parental Sleep Questionnaire

RBS-R: Repeated Behavioral Scale – Modified

WISC: Intelligence Scale for Children

WPPSI: Wexler Primary School Elemental Scale

References

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