Improvised Autonomous Car for a Safe Travel

An autonomous car is a self driving car that can operate itself without a human interaction. The current developed autonomous car that uses V2V protocol for communication lacks secured data transmission between vehicles. In this paper, we implement V2V protocol along with AES encryption algorithm and zigbee cryptographic key.AES along with zigbee provides privacy in data sharing and also enhances vehicular communication. ZigBee provides secured communication, transportation of cryptographic key and helps in controlling the devices. It is developed using the basic security framework defined in IEEE 802.15.4.Advanced Encryption Standard is used to encrypt sensitive data.


Modified Implementation
ZigBee is a wireless mesh network specification for lowpower wireless local area networks (WLANs) that cover a large area. ZigBee was designed to provide high data throughput in applications because it provides low power consumption. ZigBee network has a special feature of Self Organizing. Since a node in the network can relay the data to its neighbor, the range can be extended much longer than 50 meters. The Advanced Encryption Standard or AES is a symmetric block cipher implemented in software and hardware throughout the world to encrypt sensitive data .This new encryption algorithm is easy to implement in restricted environments (for example, in a smart card) and offer good defenses against various attack techniques. It is found that AES IS at least six time faster than triple DES .It is based on 'substitution-permutation network. The AES algorithm is based on number of substitutions, permutations and linear transformations, each of which is executed on data blocks of 16 byte -therefore it is termed as block cipher. These operations are repeated several times, called "rounds". During each round, a unique round key is calculated out of the encryption key, and incorporated in the calculations. Till now, no practical cryptanalytic attacks against AES have been found. In addition, AES has built-in flexibility of key length .It allows a degree of 'future-proofing' against progress to perform exhaustive key searches [5,6].

Module Description
Identifying Vehicular Network: Senses the nearby vehicles using V2V protocol and detects the vehicular network. After identifying a network the source node sends beacon (request) messages to all the nodes in that network (Figure 3 & 4).

Figure 4
Replying to Baecon Message: The destination vehicle accepts the request for data sharing. Nearest neighbor is identified from the response that first reaches the source node ( Figure 5).

Figure 5
Encrypted Data Sharing: The source vehicle encrypts its data using AES algorithm along with zigbee which provides cryptographic key. The encryption key used in AES is 128 bits, which generates a single key for all data transmission and hence not secured. Zigbee is an ( Figure 6).  Rebroadcasting by neighbouring nodes: After receiving the data, destination vehicle acknowledges the source vehicle saying that it successfully transmitted the encrypted data. Further it rebroadcasts the network in the similar way so that data traffic doesn't occur (Figure7).

Conclusion
The advancement in technologies has brought many changes in the field of computing and communication. Recent announcements states that many manufacturers are aspire to soon sell such vehicles in the market. Autonomous cars will soon be widely available giving a solution for the transportation problems. Thus, the proposed system will add many benefits to the predicted features as it overcomes two main biggest disadvantages: privacy (security) and safety.
By using Zigbee and AES algorithm with V2V protocol we can ensure that there is privacy between the vehicles and data hiding can be achieved. We believe that the evolution of the advancement in the technology will cause a greater change in the automotive value chain.